escherichia coli (migula) castellani and chalmers  (ATCC)

Journal: Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology

Article Title: Engineering Escherichia coli for robust Co-utilization of glucose and xylose enables high-titer succinate production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates

doi: 10.1016/j.synbio.2026.01.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: Investigation of xylose transport and PTS modification for succinate production. (A) Schematic representation of glucose and xylose transport routes in different E. coli strains, highlighting the key transporters and metabolic nodes influencing carbon flux; (B) Intracellular ATP levels in strains C600, MG1655, and BW25113 during aerobic growth on xylose; (C) Comparison of succinate and by-product accumulation between the parental strain C600 and engineered strain ESC2 under anaerobic conditions; (D) Fermentation performance of PTS-modified strain ESC3, showing sugar utilization, biomass generation, and succinate production; (E–F) Growth profiles of engineered ESC3 derivatives in defined medium with xylose (E) or glucose–xylose mixtures (F). All experimental data were performed in triplicate, and error bars represent the standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-tailed Student's t -test (∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: In this study, we systematically engineered E. coli C600 (ATCC 23724) [ ], a strain with efficient and low-energy xylose transport, as the chassis for succinate production from lignocellulosic sugars.

Techniques: Modification, Comparison, Standard Deviation, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology

Article Title: Engineering Escherichia coli for robust Co-utilization of glucose and xylose enables high-titer succinate production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates

doi: 10.1016/j.synbio.2026.01.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: Construction of a succinate-producing strain from C600. (A) Metabolic map illustrating targeted knockouts ( ldhA , pflB , ptsG , adhE and pta-ackA ) and expression/integration of pck to redirect flux toward succinate; (B) Two-stage fermentation scheme comprising aerobic growth using shaking flasks and followed by anaerobic production in serum bottles; (C–D) Succinate fermentation of six engineered strains cultured on xylose (C) or glucose–xylose mixtures (D). All experimental data were performed in triplicate, and error bars represent the standard deviation.

Article Snippet: In this study, we systematically engineered E. coli C600 (ATCC 23724) [ ], a strain with efficient and low-energy xylose transport, as the chassis for succinate production from lignocellulosic sugars.

Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture, Standard Deviation

Journal: Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology

Article Title: Engineering Escherichia coli for robust Co-utilization of glucose and xylose enables high-titer succinate production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates

doi: 10.1016/j.synbio.2026.01.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of exogenous xylose utilization pathways and library-based strain selection. (A) Schematic comparison of the endogenous XI pathway with the Dahms and Weimberg pathways; (B) Design of pathway plasmid libraries and RBS variants controlling expression of key genes for Dahms and Weimberg pathways. The Weimberg library plasmid carries XylA , XylX , and XylB from C. crescentus , while the Dahms library plasmid contains XylB from C. crescentus . The helper plasmid harbors xylC from C. crescentus and the endogenous yjhG from E. coli . RBS sequences were designed with 32 mutations, enabling gene expression levels ranging from 4 to 57,523 au; (C) Growth and succinate production of four representative ESC7 derivatives (ESC7-W1, ESC7-W2, ESC7-D1, ESC7-D2), which were randomly selected from the Weimberg (W1, W2) or Dahms (D1, D2) pathway libraries, compared with ESC6 (XI pathway); (D) Fermentation performance of the same four ESC7 clones carrying the helper plasmid (harboring XylC and yjhG ), compared with ESC6; (E) Validation of pathway combinations in the ESC6 background using the same four representative plasmids, integrating XI with Dahms/Weimberg routes and help plasmid; (F) Screening of library colonies identified six optimal variants, which were reconstructed in ESC6 and evaluated for succinate production from glucose–xylose mixtures. All experimental data were performed in triplicate, and error bars represent the standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-tailed Student's t -test (∗∗∗ p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: In this study, we systematically engineered E. coli C600 (ATCC 23724) [ ], a strain with efficient and low-energy xylose transport, as the chassis for succinate production from lignocellulosic sugars.

Techniques: Selection, Comparison, Plasmid Preparation, Expressing, Gene Expression, Clone Assay, Biomarker Discovery, Standard Deviation, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: A near-infrared regulated programmable multi-mode periosteum scaffold for sequential healing of infected bone defects

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.03.046

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antimicrobial activity of multi-mode periosteum scaffolds with different NIR irradiation strategies. A. Representative images of MRSA and E. coli colonies with different treatments. Quantitative analysis of MRSA ( B ) and E. coli ( C ) colonies in (A), respectively (n = 3). Results are presented as means ± SD. Samples were subjected to one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. Ns ( p > 0.05), ∗∗ p < 0.01. D. Representative SEM images of MRSA and E. coli colonies with different treatments. Scale bar: 1 μm. E. Live/dead staining of MRSA and E. coli colonies in different treatment groups. Scale bar: 100 μm. F. Confocal microscopy image of MRSA biofilm. Scale bar: 100 μm. Protein leakage statistics for MRSA ( G ) and E. coli ( H ), respectively (n = 3). Results are presented as means ± SD. Samples were subjected to one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. ∗∗ Significant differences of group M + CI vs. NC, M, and M + II, p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, ATCC 43300) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Irradiation, Staining, Confocal Microscopy

Journal: iScience

Article Title: RstAB activates type 1 fimbriae to promote uropathogenic Escherichia coli bladder invasion

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116333

Figure Lengend Snippet: rstAB contributes to UPEC CFT073 virulence by promoting its invasion of BECs (A) Total bacterial titers of UPEC CFT073 in the bladders of BALB/c mice transurethrally infected with WT, Δ rstAB , or Δ rstAB + P rstAB at 24 hpi ( n = 9 mice). (B) Intracellular bacterial titers of UPEC CFT073 in the bladders of BALB/c mice transurethrally infected with WT, Δ rstAB , or Δ rstAB + P rstAB at 1 hpi ( n = 9 mice). (C) Intracellular bacterial titers of WT, Δ rstAB , or Δ rstAB + P rstAB in 5637 cells at 1 hpi ( n = 3). (D) Fold changes in rstA and rstB mRNA levels in WT-infected BALB/c mouse bladders at 1 hpi compared to that of WT cultured in LB medium ( n = 3). (E) Fold changes in rstA and rstB mRNA levels in WT-infected 5637 cells at 1 hpi ( n = 3) compared to that of WT cultured in LB medium. (F) Total bacterial titers of UPEC CFT073 in the bladders of BALB/c mice transurethrally infected with WT, Δ rstAB , or Δ rstAB + P rstAB at 6 hpi ( n = 9 mice). (G) IBC enumeration in C3H/HeN mouse bladders transurethrally infected with WT, Δ rstAB , or Δ rstAB + P rstAB at 6 hpi determined using confocal microscopy ( n = 9 mice). Data were obtained from three independent experiments and presented as mean ± SD. Significance was determined using two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test (A, B, F, and G) and two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test (C, D, and E). Significance was indicated by p value. ∗ p ≤ 0.05, ∗∗ p ≤ 0.01, ∗∗∗ p ≤ 0.001, ∗∗∗∗ p ＜0.0001; n.s. represents no significant difference. See also and .

Article Snippet: CFT073 , American Type Culture Collection and the National Collection of Type Cultures (ATCC) , Cat# 700928.

Techniques: Infection, Cell Culture, Confocal Microscopy, Two Tailed Test, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: iScience

Article Title: RstAB activates type 1 fimbriae to promote uropathogenic Escherichia coli bladder invasion

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116333

Figure Lengend Snippet: RstAB promotes UPEC invasion by activating the expression of type 1 fimbria (A) Competitive index of Δ rstAB -LIR versus WT-LIR in BALB/c mouse bladders at 1 hpi ( n = 9 mice). (B) Intracellular bacterial titers of UPEC CFT073 in the bladders of BALB/c mice transurethrally infected with WT, Δ rstAB , Δ fimAH , or Δ papG at 1 hpi ( n = 9 mice). (C) Total bacterial titers of UPEC CFT073 in the bladders of BALB/c mice transurethrally infected with WT, Δ rstAB , Δ fimAH , or Δ papG at 6 hpi ( n = 9 mice). (D) Bacterial titers in the bladders of BALB/c mice infected transurethrally with WT or Δ rstAB strains, with or without 3% mannose at 1 hpi ( n = 9 mice). Data were obtained from three independent experiments and presented as mean ± SD. p values were determined using two-tailed Wilcoxon signal-rank test (A) or two tailed Mann-Whitney U test (B–D). Significance was indicated by p value. ∗∗∗ p ≤ 0.001, ∗∗∗∗ p ＜ 0.0001, n.s. represents no significant difference. See also .

Article Snippet: CFT073 , American Type Culture Collection and the National Collection of Type Cultures (ATCC) , Cat# 700928.

Techniques: Expressing, Infection, Two Tailed Test, MANN-WHITNEY